President of Myanmar
President of Myanmar
The President of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar is the head of state and the de jure head of government of Myanmar and leads the executive branch of the Burmese government, and goes the Cabinet of Myanmar.
Republic of the Union of Myanmar
ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော် သမ္မတ
since thirty March 2016
The president is elected by members of parliament, not by the general population. The Presidential Electoral College, a three committee assets, elects the president. [1] Each of the three committees, made up of Amyotha Hluttaw, Pyithu Hluttaw members of parliament, or military-appointed lawmakers, nominates a candidate for presidency. [1] The candidate with the highest number of votes from the Electoral College is elected president, while the two other candidates become vice-presidents. [1]
The incumbent president is Htin Kyaw, who has held the post since thirty March 2016. While he is the de jure head of state and the government, the de facto head of government and the superior state figure is the State Counsellor of Myanmar and leader of the ruling National League for Democracy, Aung San Suu Kyi.
Contents
- shall be loyal to the Union and its citizens;
- shall be a citizen of Myanmar who was born of both parents who were born in the territory under the jurisdiction of the Union and being Myanmar Nationals;
- shall be an elected person who has attained at least the age of 45;
- shall be well acquainted with the affairs of the Union such as political, administrative, economic and military;
- shall be a person who has resided continuously in the Union for at least twenty years up to the time of his election as President
(Proviso: An official period of stay in a foreign country with the permission of the Union shall be counted as a residing period in the Union)
Moreover, upon taking oath in office, the President is constitutionally prohibited from taking part in any political party activities (Chapter III, 64).
The President is not directly elected by Burmese voters; instead, he is indirectly elected by the Presidential Electoral College ( သမ္မတရွေးချယ်တင်မြှောက်ရေးအဖွဲ့ ), an electoral assets made of three separate committees. One committee is composed of MPs who represent the proportions of MPs elected from each Region or State; another is composed of MPs who represent the proportions of MPs elected from each township population; the third is of military-appointed MPs personally nominated by the Defence Services’ Commander-in-Chief.
Each of the three committees nominates a presidential candidate. Afterward, all the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw MPs vote for one of three candidates—the candidate with the highest number of votes is elected President, while the other two are elected as Vice-Presidents.
This process is similar to the one proscribed by the one thousand nine hundred forty seven Constitution, in which MPs from the Parliament’s Chamber of Nationalities and Chamber of Deputies elected the President by secret ballot. [Two] The President was then responsible for appointing a Prime Minister (on the advice of the Chamber of Deputies), who was constitutionally recognised as the head of government and led the Cabinet.
Prior to 1863, different regions of modern-day Burma were governed separately. From one thousand eight hundred sixty two to 1923, the colonial administration, housed in Rangoon’s Secretariat building, was headed by a Chief Commissioner (1862–1897) or a Lieutenant-Governor (1897–1923), who headed the administration, underneath the Governor-General of India. [Trio]
From thirty one January one thousand eight hundred sixty two to one May 1897, British Burma was headed by a Chief Commissioner. The subsequent expansion of British Burma, with the acquisitions of Upper Burma and the Shan States via this period enhanced the requests of the position, and led to an upgrade in the colonial leadership and an expansion of government (Burma was accorded a separate government and legislative council in 1897). [Four]
Consequently, from one May one thousand eight hundred ninety seven to two January 1923, the province was led by a Lieutenant Governor. In 1937, Burma was formally separated from British India and began to be administered as a separate British colony, with a fully elected bicameral legislature, consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives. From two January one thousand nine hundred twenty three to four January 1948, British Burma was led by a Governor, who led the cabinet and was responsible for the colony’s defence, foreign relations, finance, and ethnic regions (Frontier Areas and Shan States). From one January one thousand nine hundred forty four to thirty one August 1946, a British Military Governor governed the colony. During the Japanese occupation of Burma from one thousand nine hundred forty two to 1945, a Japanese military commander headed the government, while the British-appointed Governor headed the colony in exile.
Burma became independent in 1948. There was a President from one thousand nine hundred forty eight to 1962, and then one thousand nine hundred seventy four and 1988. Inbetween one thousand nine hundred sixty two and one thousand nine hundred seventy four and inbetween one thousand nine hundred eighty eight and 2011, Burma was headed by military regimes. The office of the President was restored in 2011.